Climate change is a change in the statistical distribution of the weather patterns when that change lasts for an extended period of time. Climate change may refer to a change in average weather conditions, or in the time variation if weather within the context of longer-term average conditions. Climate change is caused by the factors such as biotic processes, variations in solar radiation received by Earth, plate tectonics and volcanic eruptions. Certain human activities have been identified as the primary causes of ongoing climate change, often referred to as global warming. Scientists actively work to understand past and future climate by using observations and theoretical models. A climate record – extending deep into the Earth’s past- has been assembled, and continues to be built up, based on the geological evidence from borehole temperature profiles, cores removed from deep accumulation of ice, floral and faunal records, glacial and periglacial processes, stable-isotope and other analysis of sediment layers, and records of past sea levels. More recent data are provided by the instrumental record. General circulation models, based on the physical sciences, are often used in theoretical approaches to match the past climate data, make future projections, and link the causes and effects in the climate change.
The most general definition of climate change is a change in the statistical properties of the climate system when considered over long periods of time, regardless of cause. Accordingly, fluctuations over periods shorter than a few decades do not represent climate change. The term “climate change” is often used to refer specifically to anthropogenic climate change also known as global warming. Anthropogenic climate change is caused by human activity, as opposed to changes in climate that may have resulted as a part of Earth’s natural processes. In this sense, especially in the context of environmental policy, the term climate change has become synonymous with anthropogenic global warming. Within scientific journals, global warming refers to surface temperature increases wile climate change includes the global warming and everything else that increases green house gases levels affect. In 1966, the World Meteorological Organization (WMO) proposed the term “climatic change” to encompass all forms of climatic variability of time-scales longer than 10 years, regardless of cause. Change was a given and climatic was used as an adjective to describe this kind of change. When it was realized that human activities had potential to drastically alter the climate, the term climate change replaced the climatic change the dominant term to reflect an anthropogenic cause. Climate Change was incorporated in the title of Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) and the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). Climate Change used as a noun became an issue rather than the technical description of changing weather.
On the broadest scale, the rate at which energy is received from the Sun and the rate at which it is lost to space determine the equilibrium temperature and climate of the Earth. This energy is distributed among the globe by the winds, ocean currents, and other mechanism to affect the climates of different regions. Factors that can shape climate are called climate forcing of “forcing mechanisms”. These include processes such as variations in solar radiation, variations in the Earth’s orbit, variations in the albedo or reflectivity of the continents, atmosphere and oceans, mountain building and continental drift and changes in green house gas concentrations. There are a variety of climate change feedback’s that can either amplify or diminish the initial forcing. Some parts of the climate system such as the oceans and ice caps, respond more lowly in reaction to climate forcing, while others respond more quickly. There are also key threshold factors which when exceeded can produce the rapid change. Forcing mechanisms can be either internal or external. Internal forcing mechanisms are natural processes within the climate system itself and its example is the thermohaline circulation. External forcing mechanisms can be either natural or anthropogenic And its example is increased emissions of green house gases and dust. Whether the initial forcing mechanism is internal or external, the response of the climate system might be fast and its example is sudden cooling to airborne volcanic ash reflecting sunlight, low and its example is thermal expansion of warming ocean water or a combination and its example is sudden loss of albedo in the Arctic Ocean as sea ice melts, followed by more gradual thermal expansion of the water. Therefore, the climate system can respond abruptly, but the full response to forcing mechanism might not be fully developed for centuries or even longer.
Global warming is gradual increase in the temperature of earth surface and atmosphere all round the world. Global warming is caused by due to greenhouse effect of increased level of green house gases such as carbon dioxide, CFCs etc. There are various types of pollutants also which involved in the increasing the atmospheric temperature of the earth. Increasing use of fossil fuels by the people and the deforestation is increasing carbon dioxide emissions which trap heat and cause greenhouse effect. Water Vapor is also a significant greenhouse gas which is not directly produced by humankind but involve in global warming hugely. A slight increase in the level of CO2 causes marked increase n each temperature. Green house gases absorb and reradiate infrared radiations which ultimately cause green house effect. Global warming is because of deforestation, CO2 is not absorbed well and remain in the atmosphere for long time and they trap the heat.
Global warming has hugely impacted the environment and human life to a great extent for many years. The level of sea water is increasing continuously every year and creating fear for the nearby cities, islands and seawater animals. Rainfall pattern has also distributed which causes drought in some areas and flooding in other areas. Ice caps and glaciers are melting continuously and its level depends on the increased level of temperature. It is causing loss of habitat near to the poles and polar bears have greatly endangered. Wild animals living in the forest are endangered because of their habitat loss due to deforestation. Bleaching of Coral reefs and loss of Plankton are done due to warming seas and acidification (carbonic acid formation). Various types of diseases are also spreading especially malaria to the nearby regions. Now, it has become very necessary for the countries worldwide especially developed countries to reduce their carbon emission ass quickly as possible. US need to reduce its carbon emission to a great extent in order to solve the problem of global warming. Limiting some of the promising sectors like coal-fired electricity and wind power can reduce in carbon emissions in the nearby decades.
Global warming is all over rise in the temperature of the earth surface. It has affected the environment and whole atmosphere and has resulted into huge level climate change. A huge change in the earth’s climate system because of the global warming is observed in the recent past years.The effects of increased global temperature are melting ice, warmed continents, increasing sea level, seasonal changes, climate changes, changing precipitation, expansion of deserts in the subtropic regions etc. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) has reported in 2014 that according to the scientists, global warming is mostly a human being created environmental issue. It is mainly caused by ever increasing level of greenhouse gases on the earth. Impacts of global warming differ from region to region all over the world. Retreat of glaciers, sea ice, more frequent extreme weather events, heat waves, heavy rainfall and snowfall, droughts, floods, ocean acidification, species extinctions, etc are some huge impacts of shifting temperature regimes. In order to reduce the effect of the global warming, effective societal responses are needed to be implemented and followed urgently.
Global warming is slowly but constantly heating the planet from North Pole to South Pole because of increasing temperature of the earth surface. Effects of rising temperature are happening in more dangerous way day by day and affecting the natural resource very badly. It is not good sign for whose planet and living beings on the earth. This increasing heat is not only affecting the ecosystem but also melting glaciers at the Earth’s pole, melting sea ice and ice sheets, changing precipitation patterns (rainfall and snowfall), extinctions of animals and many more. The water level in sea is rising in very fast way over the last century. Some of the insect, animals and plants (butterflies, foxes and alpine) are on the way of extinction or moved to the cooler areas. If the rise in temperature will continue in future, other surprising effects will happen in the later decades such as seal level rise by 7 to 23 inches, hurricanes, storms will be stronger, floods, and droughts will be more common by the end of the century
Global warming is working like a demon in the earth as it is warming the planet continuously year by year. Actually, global warming is not created itself, it is a man created demons affecting the whole world gradually but regularly. There is increase in temperature of the whole planet by around 0.8 degree Celsius however it is estimated to be raised more by the end of 21st century around 2-5 degree Celsius. Global Warming is a big trouble to all of us and animals including plants and other living beings. Global warming is getting worse day by day because of the phenomenon known as greenhouse effect. Greenhouse effect is caused by greenhouse gases like carbon dioxide and methane which trap heat inside and make earth’s environment hotter. Green house gases work like the curved glass around the planet. Natural greenhouse effect is good for the planet a without it earth may be too cold and do not support the diversity of life here. However, huge increase in the amount of green house gases by the human activities is not good as it is creating gigantic effects all over the planet.
Global Warming is one of the big environmental problems in current time. According to the researchers, heating impact, caused by excessive emission of greenhouse gases, is the main reason of the global warming. It is very dangerous and harmful to the existence of life in the future on the earth. Because of global warming, sea level is increasing regularly which is creating the fear of the flood in lower lying coastal areas and cities. Because of flood, some countries may finish completely in the near future. It is changing the weather patterns regularly, due to some places of the earth are facing severe drought, flood and various uncommon weather conditions. Carbon dioxide is one of the main green house gases, the increased amount of which is causing a warming effect on the earth surface which in turn causes evaporation of more water and creates water vapor. In this way the level of green house gases in the atmosphere are increasing and creating more warming effect. CO2 level is also increasing because of the burning fossil fuels Other green house gases like Sulphur, CFCs, Methane, etc are also responsible for increasing global warming. The level of these gases is increasing due to the population growth, urbanization, industrialization, technological advancement and deforestation. Population growth is responsible for urbanization, deforestation and industrialization which are causing global warming in many ways. More population leads towards the more utilization of technologies, fossil fuels, coal, gases, lubricate etc which is a big reason of carbon emission. Huge amount of CO2 is released due to various human activities such as burning of coal, oil, natural gases, deforestation, cooking food, etc. Whenever and wherever we use electricity we produce more CO2 and other green house gases. Global warming has now been a serious problem and we need to fight that with our positive and environment friend activities. We need to take proper initiatives in order to save our mother earth and to do that we need to stop Co2 emission to a greater extent. It is possible if we reduce the use of oil, fuel, gases, etc and concentrate on renewable energy usage.
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